This collection of research papers, related to social and agrarian relations of modern Kerala, is yet another significant contribution of Prof. K.K.N. Kurup to the historical literature on Kerala. In these thirteen research papers collected in this book, the author unfolds different aspects which led to the birth of modern Kerala. In a feudalistic and caste-oriented society, dominated by medieval institutions and landmonopoly-houses, there have been structural changes. The old jenmi system has disappeared and has been replaced by ‘peasant agriculture’. In this long historical process, eminent people from William Logan to E.M.S. Namboodiripad had played significant roles in bringing the disintegration of feudal institutions and shaping the modern society of Kerala. It is hoped that this book dealing with those developments would satisfy the curiosity of the student who is interested in the study and research of the history of Kerala in its varied aspects of medieval institutions and modern transformations.